diff mbox series

[v4,2/2] leds: trigger: Add block device LED trigger

Message ID 20210916202127.1216994-3-arequipeno@gmail.com
State New
Headers show
Series Introduce block device LED trigger | expand

Commit Message

Ian Pilcher Sept. 16, 2021, 8:21 p.m. UTC
Add "blkdev" LED trigger to blink LEDs in response to block device
activity.

Add LEDS_TRIGGER_BLKDEV (tristate) config option to control building of
the trigger.

Signed-off-by: Ian Pilcher <arequipeno@gmail.com>
---
 drivers/leds/trigger/Kconfig          |   9 +
 drivers/leds/trigger/Makefile         |   1 +
 drivers/leds/trigger/ledtrig-blkdev.c | 981 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 991 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 drivers/leds/trigger/ledtrig-blkdev.c

Comments

'Christoph Hellwig' Sept. 17, 2021, 5:53 a.m. UTC | #1
On Thu, Sep 16, 2021 at 03:21:27PM -0500, Ian Pilcher wrote:
> +/* Block device information (BDI) - 1 per blkdev linked to at least 1 LED */

> +struct led_bdev_bdi {


It might be a good idea to pick a differene name.  BDI is a commonly
used shortcut for the backing device information used all over the block
layer and writeback code.

> +/* For many-to-many relationships between block devices and LEDs */

> +struct led_bdev_link {

> +	struct hlist_node	bdi_leds_node;

> +	struct hlist_node	led_bdis_node;

> +	struct led_bdev_bdi	*bdi;

> +	struct led_bdev_led	*led;

> +};



Why not just use a xarray to link them which due to the non-invasive
nature gets you n:m links "for free".

> +/* Forward declarations to make this file compile in a reasonable order */

> +static void led_bdev_process(struct work_struct *work);

> +static struct led_bdev_bdi *led_bdev_get_bdi(const char *buf, size_t size);

> +static struct block_device *led_bdev_get(const char *buf, size_t size,

> +					 fmode_t mode);

> +static int led_bdev_link(struct led_bdev_led *led, struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);

> +static void led_bdev_put_bdi(struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);

> +static void led_bdev_bdi_release(struct device *dev, void *res);

> +static void led_bdev_unlink(struct led_bdev_led *led,

> +			    struct led_bdev_link *link,

> +			    struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi, bool releasing);

> +static void led_bdev_update_bdi(struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);

> +static bool led_bdev_blink(const struct led_bdev_led *led,

> +			   const struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);


I seriously question the "reasonable" above if you need that many
forward declarations in brand new code.

> +static struct block_device *led_bdev_get(const char *const buf,

> +					 const size_t count, fmode_t mode)

> +{

> +	static const char dev[] = "/dev/";

> +	struct block_device *bdev;

> +	char *dev_path, *path;

> +

> +	/* sizeof(dev) includes terminating null */

> +	dev_path = kmalloc(sizeof(dev) + count, GFP_KERNEL);

> +	if (dev_path == NULL)

> +		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);

> +

> +	/* sizeof(dev) - 1 is compile-time equivalent of strlen(dev) */

> +	memcpy(dev_path, dev, sizeof(dev) - 1);

> +	path = dev_path + sizeof(dev) - 1;

> +	memcpy(path, buf, count + 1);  /* include terminating null */

> +	strim(path);

> +

> +try_blkdev_get:

> +	bdev = blkdev_get_by_path(path, mode, THIS_MODULE);

> +	if (IS_ERR(bdev) && PTR_ERR(bdev) == -ENOENT && path != dev_path) {

> +		path = dev_path;

> +		goto try_blkdev_get;

> +	}

> +

> +	kfree(dev_path);

> +	return bdev;


Please just required the user to put in the whole path and remove all
this garbage.  There is no need to build your own broken wrappers around
the VFS path resolution.
diff mbox series

Patch

diff --git a/drivers/leds/trigger/Kconfig b/drivers/leds/trigger/Kconfig
index 1f1d57288085..219d15c046d7 100644
--- a/drivers/leds/trigger/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/leds/trigger/Kconfig
@@ -153,4 +153,13 @@  config LEDS_TRIGGER_TTY
 
 	  When build as a module this driver will be called ledtrig-tty.
 
+config LEDS_TRIGGER_BLKDEV
+	tristate "LED Trigger for block devices"
+	depends on BLOCK
+	help
+	  The blkdev LED trigger allows LEDs to be controlled by block device
+	  activity (reads and writes).
+
+	  See Documentation/leds/ledtrig-blkdev.rst.
+
 endif # LEDS_TRIGGERS
diff --git a/drivers/leds/trigger/Makefile b/drivers/leds/trigger/Makefile
index 25c4db97cdd4..d53bab5d93f1 100644
--- a/drivers/leds/trigger/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/leds/trigger/Makefile
@@ -16,3 +16,4 @@  obj-$(CONFIG_LEDS_TRIGGER_NETDEV)	+= ledtrig-netdev.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_LEDS_TRIGGER_PATTERN)	+= ledtrig-pattern.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_LEDS_TRIGGER_AUDIO)	+= ledtrig-audio.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_LEDS_TRIGGER_TTY)		+= ledtrig-tty.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_LEDS_TRIGGER_BLKDEV)	+= ledtrig-blkdev.o
diff --git a/drivers/leds/trigger/ledtrig-blkdev.c b/drivers/leds/trigger/ledtrig-blkdev.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8cb0d3b1e7ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/leds/trigger/ledtrig-blkdev.c
@@ -0,0 +1,981 @@ 
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+
+/*
+ *	Block device LED trigger
+ *
+ *	Copyright 2021 Ian Pilcher <arequipeno@gmail.com>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/leds.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/part_stat.h>
+
+/* Default blink time & check interval (milliseconds) */
+#define LED_BDEV_BLINK_MSEC	75
+#define LED_BDEV_INTERVAL	100
+
+/* Minimum blink time & check interval (milliseconds) */
+#define LED_BDEV_MIN_BLINK	10
+#define LED_BDEV_MIN_INT	25
+
+/* Device activity type that will make LED blink */
+enum led_bdev_mode {
+	LED_BDEV_MODE_RO	= 0,
+	LED_BDEV_MODE_WO	= 1,
+	LED_BDEV_MODE_RW	= 2
+};
+
+/* Block device information (BDI) - 1 per blkdev linked to at least 1 LED */
+struct led_bdev_bdi {
+	struct block_device	*bdev;
+	struct hlist_head	leds;
+	unsigned long		read_ios;
+	unsigned long		write_ios;
+	unsigned int		generation;
+	bool			read_act;
+	bool			write_act;
+};
+
+/* For many-to-many relationships between block devices and LEDs */
+struct led_bdev_link {
+	struct hlist_node	bdi_leds_node;
+	struct hlist_node	led_bdis_node;
+	struct led_bdev_bdi	*bdi;
+	struct led_bdev_led	*led;
+};
+
+/* Every LED associated with the blkdev trigger gets one of these */
+struct led_bdev_led {
+	struct led_classdev	*led_cdev;
+	unsigned int		blink_msec;
+	struct hlist_head	bdis;
+	struct hlist_node	leds_node;
+	enum led_bdev_mode	mode;
+};
+
+/* Forward declarations to make this file compile in a reasonable order */
+static void led_bdev_process(struct work_struct *work);
+static struct led_bdev_bdi *led_bdev_get_bdi(const char *buf, size_t size);
+static struct block_device *led_bdev_get(const char *buf, size_t size,
+					 fmode_t mode);
+static int led_bdev_link(struct led_bdev_led *led, struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);
+static void led_bdev_put_bdi(struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);
+static void led_bdev_bdi_release(struct device *dev, void *res);
+static void led_bdev_unlink(struct led_bdev_led *led,
+			    struct led_bdev_link *link,
+			    struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi, bool releasing);
+static void led_bdev_update_bdi(struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);
+static bool led_bdev_blink(const struct led_bdev_led *led,
+			   const struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi);
+
+/* Protects everything except atomic sysfs attributes */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(led_bdev_mutex);
+
+/* All LEDs associated with the trigger */
+static HLIST_HEAD(led_bdev_leds);
+
+/* sysfs class for "global" trigger attributes (interval) */
+static struct class *led_bdev_class;
+
+/* Delayed work to periodically check for activity & blink LEDs */
+static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(led_bdev_work, led_bdev_process);
+
+/* How often to run the delayed work - in jiffies */
+static unsigned int led_bdev_interval;
+
+/* Incremented every time the delayed work runs */
+static unsigned int led_bdev_generation;
+
+/* Total number of device-to-LED associations (links) */
+static unsigned int led_bdev_link_count;
+
+/* Empty attribute list for the linked_leds & linked_devices "groups" */
+static struct attribute *led_bdev_attrs_empty[] = { NULL };
+
+/* linked_leds sysfs directory for block devs linked to 1 or more LEDs */
+static const struct attribute_group led_bdev_linked_leds = {
+	.name	= "linked_leds",
+	.attrs	= led_bdev_attrs_empty,
+};
+
+/* linked_devices sysfs directory for each LED associated with the trigger */
+static const struct attribute_group led_bdev_linked_devs = {
+	.name	= "linked_devices",
+	.attrs	= led_bdev_attrs_empty,
+};
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_activate() - Called when an LED is associated with the trigger.
+ * @led_cdev:	The LED
+ *
+ * Allocates & initializes the @led_bdev_led structure, adds it to the
+ * @led_bdev_leds list, and sets the LED's trigger data.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Takes and releases @led_bdev_mutex.
+ * Return:	``0`` on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static int led_bdev_activate(struct led_classdev *const led_cdev)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *led;
+	int ret;
+
+	led = kmalloc(sizeof(*led), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (led == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto exit_return;
+	}
+
+	led->led_cdev = led_cdev;
+	led->blink_msec = LED_BDEV_BLINK_MSEC;
+	led->mode = LED_BDEV_MODE_RW;
+	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&led->bdis);
+
+	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&led_bdev_mutex);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto exit_free;
+
+	hlist_add_head(&led->leds_node, &led_bdev_leds);
+	led_set_trigger_data(led_cdev, led);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+
+exit_free:
+	if (ret != 0)
+		kfree(led);
+exit_return:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * link_device_store() - ``link_device`` device attribute store function.
+ * @dev:	The LED device
+ * @attr:	The ``link_device`` attribute (@dev_attr_link_device)
+ * @buf:	The value written to the attribute, which should be the path to
+ *		the special file that represents the block device to be linked
+ *		to the LED (e.g. /dev/sda)
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf
+ *
+ * Calls led_bdev_get_bdi() to find or create the BDI for the block device,
+ * checks that the device isn't already linked to this LED, and calls
+ * led_bdev_link() to create the link.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Takes and releases @led_bdev_mutex.
+ * Return:	@count on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static ssize_t link_device_store(struct device *const dev,
+				 struct device_attribute *const attr,
+				 const char *const buf, const size_t count)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_trigger_get_drvdata(dev);
+	const struct led_bdev_link *link;
+	struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&led_bdev_mutex);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto exit_return;
+
+	bdi = led_bdev_get_bdi(buf, count);
+	if (IS_ERR(bdi)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(bdi);
+		goto exit_unlock;
+	}
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry (link, &bdi->leds, bdi_leds_node) {
+		if (link->led == led) {
+			ret = -EEXIST;
+			goto exit_put_bdi;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = led_bdev_link(led, bdi);
+
+exit_put_bdi:
+	if (ret != 0)
+		led_bdev_put_bdi(bdi);
+exit_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+exit_return:
+	return (ret == 0) ? count : ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_get_bdi() - Find or create the BDI for a block device.
+ * @buf:	The value written to the ``link_device`` attribute, which should
+ *		be the path to a special file that represents a block device
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf
+ *
+ * Calls led_bdev_get() to get the block device represented by the path in @buf.
+ * If the device already has a BDI (because it is already linked to an LED),
+ * simply returns the existing BDI.
+ *
+ * Otherwise, allocates a new BDI (as a device resource), creates the block
+ * device's ``linked_leds`` directory (attribute group), calls
+ * led_bdev_update_bdi() to set the BDI's activity counters, and adds the BDI
+ * resource to the block device.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Caller must hold @led_bdev_mutex.
+ * Return:	Pointer to the BDI, error pointer on error.
+ */
+static struct led_bdev_bdi *led_bdev_get_bdi(const char *const buf,
+					     const size_t count)
+{
+	struct block_device *bdev;
+	struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi;
+	struct device *dev;
+	int ret;
+
+	bdev = led_bdev_get(buf, count, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(bdev)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(bdev);
+		goto exit_return;
+	}
+
+	dev = &bdev->bd_device;
+
+	bdi = devres_find(dev, led_bdev_bdi_release, NULL, NULL);
+	if (bdi != NULL) {
+		ret = 0;
+		goto exit_put_bdev;
+	}
+
+	bdi = devres_alloc(led_bdev_bdi_release, sizeof(*bdi), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (bdi == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto exit_put_bdev;
+	}
+
+	ret = sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &led_bdev_linked_leds);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto exit_free_bdi;
+
+	bdi->bdev = bdev;
+	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&bdi->leds);
+
+	/* Ensure that led_bdev_update_bdi() updates BDI */
+	bdi->generation = led_bdev_generation - 1;
+	led_bdev_update_bdi(bdi);
+	/* Don't blink for activity that may have happened long ago */
+	bdi->read_act = false;
+	bdi->write_act = false;
+
+	devres_add(dev, bdi);
+
+exit_free_bdi:
+	if (ret != 0)
+		devres_free(bdi);
+exit_put_bdev:
+	blkdev_put(bdev, 0);  /* Allow the device to be released */
+exit_return:
+	return (ret == 0) ? bdi : ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_update_bdi() - Update a BDI's activity counters for the current
+ *			   generation
+ * @bdi:	The BDI
+ *
+ * Does nothing if the BDI has already been updated during this generation.
+ *
+ * Otherwise, updates the BDI's activity counters (@read_ios & @write_ios) and
+ * @generation, and sets @read_act and/or @write_act if the corresponding
+ * counters have changed.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Caller must hold @led_bdev_mutex.
+ */
+static void led_bdev_update_bdi(struct led_bdev_bdi *const bdi)
+{
+	unsigned long read_ios, write_ios;
+
+	if (bdi->generation != led_bdev_generation) {
+
+		read_ios = part_stat_read(bdi->bdev, ios[STAT_READ]);
+
+		write_ios = part_stat_read(bdi->bdev, ios[STAT_WRITE])
+				+ part_stat_read(bdi->bdev, ios[STAT_DISCARD])
+				+ part_stat_read(bdi->bdev, ios[STAT_FLUSH]);
+
+		if (bdi->read_ios != read_ios) {
+			bdi->read_act = true;
+			bdi->read_ios = read_ios;
+		} else {
+			bdi->read_act = false;
+		}
+
+		if (bdi->write_ios != write_ios) {
+			bdi->write_act = true;
+			bdi->write_ios = write_ios;
+		} else {
+			bdi->write_act = false;
+		}
+
+		bdi->generation = led_bdev_generation;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_get_bdev() - Get a block device by path, prepending "/dev/" if
+ *			 needed.
+ * @buf:	The value written to the ``link_device`` or ``unlink_device``
+ *		attribute, which should be the path to a special file that
+ *		represents a block device
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf (not including its terminating
+ *		null)
+ *
+ * This function is a wrapper around blkdev_get_by_path().  It first tries the
+ * path that was written to the sysfs attribute (after removing trailing
+ * whitespace).  If the first attempt returns -ENOENT, it tries again with
+ * "/dev/" prepended to the path.
+ *
+ * The caller must call blkdev_put() when finished with the device.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	The block device, or an error pointer.
+ */
+static struct block_device *led_bdev_get(const char *const buf,
+					 const size_t count, fmode_t mode)
+{
+	static const char dev[] = "/dev/";
+	struct block_device *bdev;
+	char *dev_path, *path;
+
+	/* sizeof(dev) includes terminating null */
+	dev_path = kmalloc(sizeof(dev) + count, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (dev_path == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	/* sizeof(dev) - 1 is compile-time equivalent of strlen(dev) */
+	memcpy(dev_path, dev, sizeof(dev) - 1);
+	path = dev_path + sizeof(dev) - 1;
+	memcpy(path, buf, count + 1);  /* include terminating null */
+	strim(path);
+
+try_blkdev_get:
+	bdev = blkdev_get_by_path(path, mode, THIS_MODULE);
+	if (IS_ERR(bdev) && PTR_ERR(bdev) == -ENOENT && path != dev_path) {
+		path = dev_path;
+		goto try_blkdev_get;
+	}
+
+	kfree(dev_path);
+	return bdev;
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_link() - "Link" a block device to an LED.
+ * @led:	The LED
+ * @bdi:	The block device
+ *
+ * Called from link_device_store() to create the link between an LED and a
+ * block device.
+ *
+ *   * Allocates & initializes link structure.
+ *   * Adds block device symlink to LED's ``linked_devices`` directory.
+ *   * Adds LED symlink to block devices's ``linked_leds`` directory.
+ *   * Adds link to LED's list of block devices and device's list of LEDs.
+ *
+ * If the new link is the only one (i.e. no other block device/LED links
+ * already exist), schedule delayed work to periodically check for block
+ * device activity and blink LEDs.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Caller must hold @led_bdev_mutex.
+ * Return:	0 on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static int led_bdev_link(struct led_bdev_led *const led,
+			 struct led_bdev_bdi *const bdi)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_link *link;
+	unsigned long delay;
+	int ret;
+
+	link = kmalloc(sizeof(*link), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (link == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	/* /sys/class/block/<bdev>/linked_leds/<led> */
+	ret = sysfs_add_link_to_group(bdev_kobj(bdi->bdev),
+				      led_bdev_linked_leds.name,
+				      &led->led_cdev->dev->kobj,
+				      led->led_cdev->name);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto error_free_link;
+
+	/* /sys/class/leds/<led>/linked_devices/<bdev> */
+	ret = sysfs_add_link_to_group(&led->led_cdev->dev->kobj,
+				      led_bdev_linked_devs.name,
+				      bdev_kobj(bdi->bdev),
+				      dev_name(&bdi->bdev->bd_device));
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto error_remove_symlink;
+
+	link->bdi = bdi;
+	link->led = led;
+	hlist_add_head(&link->led_bdis_node, &led->bdis);
+	hlist_add_head(&link->bdi_leds_node, &bdi->leds);
+
+	if (led_bdev_link_count == 0) {
+		delay = READ_ONCE(led_bdev_interval);
+		WARN_ON(!schedule_delayed_work(&led_bdev_work, delay));
+	}
+
+	++led_bdev_link_count;
+
+	return 0;
+
+error_remove_symlink:
+	sysfs_remove_link_from_group(bdev_kobj(bdi->bdev),
+				     led_bdev_linked_leds.name,
+				     led->led_cdev->name);
+error_free_link:
+	kfree(link);
+error_return:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * unlink_device_store() - ``unlink_device`` device attribute store function.
+ * @dev:	The LED device
+ * @attr:	The ``unlink_device`` attribute (@dev_attr_unlink_device)
+ * @buf:	The value written to the attribute, which should be the path to
+ *		the special file that represents the block device to be unlinked
+ *		from the LED (e.g. /dev/sda)
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf
+ *
+ * Block device name is written to the attribute to "unlink" the block device
+ * from the LED.  I.e. the LED will no longer blink to show activity on that
+ * block device.
+ *
+ * Calls led_bdev_get() to get the block device represented by the path in @buf.
+ * If the device has a BDI, searches the BDI's list of LEDs for a link to this
+ * LED and (if found) calls led_bdev_unlink() to destroy the link.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Takes and releases @led_bdev_mutex.
+ * Return:	@count on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static ssize_t unlink_device_store(struct device *const dev,
+				   struct device_attribute *const attr,
+				   const char *buf, const size_t count)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_trigger_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct block_device *bdev;
+	struct led_bdev_bdi *bdi;
+	struct led_bdev_link *link;
+	int ret;
+
+	bdev = led_bdev_get(buf, count, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(bdev)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(bdev);
+		goto exit_return;
+	}
+
+	bdi = devres_find(&bdev->bd_device, led_bdev_bdi_release, NULL, NULL);
+	if (bdi == NULL) {
+		ret = -EUNATCH;
+		goto exit_put_bdev;
+	}
+
+	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&led_bdev_mutex);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto exit_put_bdev;
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry(link, &bdi->leds, bdi_leds_node) {
+
+		if (link->led == led) {
+			led_bdev_unlink(led, link, bdi, false);
+			goto exit_unlock;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ret = -EUNATCH;
+
+exit_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+exit_put_bdev:
+	blkdev_put(bdev, 0);
+exit_return:
+	return (ret == 0) ? count : ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_unlink() - "Unlink" a block device from an LED.
+ * @led:	The LED
+ * @link:	The existing link between the LED and the block device
+ * @bdi:	The block device
+ * @releasing:	Indicates whether the BDI is being released (because the
+ *		block device has been removed)
+ *
+ * Removes and frees the link between an LED and a block device.
+ *
+ *   * Removes the link from the LED's list of block devices and the
+ *     device's list of LEDs.
+ *   * Frees the link structure.
+ *   * Removes the block device symlink from the LED's ``linked_devices``
+ *     directory.
+ *
+ * If the block device is **not** being released:
+ *
+ *   * Removes the LED symlink from the block device's ``linked_leds``
+ *     directory.
+ *   * Calls led_bdev_put_bdi() to clean up the BDI, if required.
+ *
+ * If the removed link was the only one (i.e. there are no existing block
+ * device/LED links after its removal), cancels the periodic delayed work
+ * which checks for device activity.
+ *
+ * This function is called from multiple locations.
+ *
+ *   * unlink_device_store() calls this function (with @releasing == ``false``)
+ *     when a block device is unlinked from an LED via the ``unlink_device``
+ *     sysfs attribute.
+ *   * led_bdev_deactivate() calls this function (with @releasing == ``false``)
+ *     for each block device linked to an LED that is being deactivated
+ *     (disassociated from the trigger).
+ *   * led_bdev_bdi_release() calls this function (with @releasing == ``true``)
+ *     for each LED link to a block device that has been removed from the
+ *     system.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Caller must hold @led_bdev_mutex.
+ */
+static void led_bdev_unlink(struct led_bdev_led *const led,
+			    struct led_bdev_link *const link,
+			    struct led_bdev_bdi *const bdi,
+			    const bool releasing)
+{
+	--led_bdev_link_count;
+
+	if (led_bdev_link_count == 0)
+		WARN_ON(!cancel_delayed_work_sync(&led_bdev_work));
+
+	hlist_del(&link->led_bdis_node);
+	hlist_del(&link->bdi_leds_node);
+	kfree(link);
+
+	/* /sys/class/leds/<led>/linked_devices/<bdev> */
+	sysfs_remove_link_from_group(&led->led_cdev->dev->kobj,
+				     led_bdev_linked_devs.name,
+				     dev_name(&bdi->bdev->bd_device));
+
+	/*
+	 * If the BDI is being released, the device's attribute groups have
+	 * already been removed, and the BDI will be freed automatically.
+	 */
+	if (!releasing) {
+
+		/* /sys/class/block/<bdev>/linked_leds/<led> */
+		sysfs_remove_link_from_group(bdev_kobj(bdi->bdev),
+					     led_bdev_linked_leds.name,
+					     led->led_cdev->name);
+		led_bdev_put_bdi(bdi);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_put_bdi() - Remove and free a BDI, if it is no longer needed.
+ * @bdi:	The BDI
+ *
+ * Does nothing if the BDI (block device) is still linked to at least one LED.
+ *
+ * If the BDI is no longer linked to any LEDs, removes the block device's
+ * ``linked_leds`` directory (attribute group), removes the BDI from the
+ * block device's resource list, and frees the BDI.
+ *
+ * Called from led_bdev_unlink() (and in the link_device_store() error path).
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Caller must hold @led_bdev_mutex.
+ */
+static void led_bdev_put_bdi(struct led_bdev_bdi *const bdi)
+{
+	struct block_device *const bdev = bdi->bdev;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (hlist_empty(&bdi->leds)) {
+
+		sysfs_remove_group(bdev_kobj(bdev), &led_bdev_linked_leds);
+		ret = devres_destroy(&bdev->bd_device, led_bdev_bdi_release,
+				     NULL, NULL);
+		WARN_ON(ret != 0);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_deactivate() - Called when an LED is disassociated from the
+ *			   trigger.
+ * @led_cdev:	The LED
+ *
+ * Calls led_bdev_unlink() for each block device linked to the LED, removes
+ * the LED from the @led_bdev_leds list, and frees the @led_bdev_led structure.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Takes and releases @led_bdev_mutex.
+ */
+static void led_bdev_deactivate(struct led_classdev *const led_cdev)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_get_trigger_data(led_cdev);
+	struct led_bdev_link *link;
+	struct hlist_node *next;
+
+	mutex_lock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe (link, next, &led->bdis, led_bdis_node)
+		led_bdev_unlink(led, link, link->bdi, false);
+
+	hlist_del(&led->leds_node);
+	kfree(led);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_bdi_release() - BDI device resource release function.
+ * @dev:	The block device
+ * @res:	The BDI
+ *
+ * Called by the driver core when a block device with a BDI is removed from the
+ * system.  Calls led_bdev_unlink() for each LED linked to the block device.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Takes and releases @led_bdev_mutex.
+ */
+static void led_bdev_bdi_release(struct device *const dev, void *const res)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_bdi *const bdi = res;
+	struct led_bdev_link *link;
+	struct hlist_node *next;
+
+	mutex_lock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry_safe (link, next, &bdi->leds, bdi_leds_node)
+		led_bdev_unlink(link->led, link, bdi, true);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_process() - Check linked devices for activity and blink LEDs.
+ * @work:	Delayed work (@led_bdev_work)
+ *
+ * Iterates through block devices linked to LEDs and calls led_bdev_update_bdi()
+ * to update the BDI's activity counters.  If a particular LED hasn't already
+ * been blinked, calls led_bdev_blink() to blink the LED if appropriate for that
+ * device's activity.
+ *
+ * When finished, schedules itself to run again after @led_bdev_interval
+ * jiffies.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Takes and releases @led_bdev_mutex.
+ */
+static void led_bdev_process(struct work_struct *const work)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *led;
+	struct led_bdev_link *link;
+	unsigned long delay;
+
+	if (!mutex_trylock(&led_bdev_mutex))
+		goto exit_reschedule;
+
+	hlist_for_each_entry (led, &led_bdev_leds, leds_node) {
+
+		bool blinked = false;
+
+		hlist_for_each_entry (link, &led->bdis, led_bdis_node) {
+
+			led_bdev_update_bdi(link->bdi);
+			if (!blinked)
+				blinked = led_bdev_blink(led, link->bdi);
+		}
+	}
+
+	++led_bdev_generation;
+
+	mutex_unlock(&led_bdev_mutex);
+
+exit_reschedule:
+	delay = READ_ONCE(led_bdev_interval);
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(!schedule_delayed_work(&led_bdev_work, delay));
+}
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_blink() - Blink an LED, if the correct type of activity has occurred
+ *		      on the block device.
+ * @led:	The LED
+ * @bdi:	The block device
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.  Caller must hold @led_bdev_mutex.
+ * Return:	``true`` if the LED is blinked, ``false`` if not.
+ */
+static bool led_bdev_blink(const struct led_bdev_led *const led,
+			   const struct led_bdev_bdi *const bdi)
+{
+	unsigned long delay_on, delay_off;
+
+	if ((bdi->read_act && led->mode != LED_BDEV_MODE_WO)
+			|| (bdi->write_act && led->mode != LED_BDEV_MODE_RO)) {
+
+		delay_on = READ_ONCE(led->blink_msec);
+		delay_off = 1;	/* 0 leaves LED turned on */
+
+		led_blink_set_oneshot(led->led_cdev, &delay_on, &delay_off, 0);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * blink_time_show() - ``blink_time`` device attribute show function.
+ * @dev:	The LED device
+ * @attr:	The ``blink_time`` attribute (@dev_attr_blink_time)
+ * @buf:	Output buffer
+ *
+ * Writes the current value of the LED's @blink_msec to @buf.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	The number of characters written to @buf.
+ */
+static ssize_t blink_time_show(struct device *const dev,
+			       struct device_attribute *const attr,
+			       char *const buf)
+{
+	const struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_trigger_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", READ_ONCE(led->blink_msec));
+}
+
+/**
+ * blink_time_store() - ``blink_time`` device attribute store function.
+ * @dev:	The LED device
+ * @attr:	The ``blink_time`` attribute (@dev_attr_blink_time)
+ * @buf:	The new value (as written to the sysfs attribute)
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf
+ *
+ * Sets the LED's @blink_msec (the duration in milliseconds of one blink).
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	@count on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static ssize_t blink_time_store(struct device *const dev,
+				struct device_attribute *const attr,
+				const char *const buf, const size_t count)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_trigger_get_drvdata(dev);
+	unsigned int value;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kstrtouint(buf, 0, &value);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (value < LED_BDEV_MIN_BLINK)
+		return -ERANGE;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(led->blink_msec, value);
+	return count;
+}
+
+/* Data for mode_show() & mode_store() */
+static const struct {
+	char	name[sizeof("write")];		    /* longest name */
+	char	show[sizeof("[read] write rw\n")];  /* all the same size */
+} led_bdev_modes[] = {
+	[LED_BDEV_MODE_RO] = {
+		.name	= "read",
+		.show	= "[read] write rw\n",
+	},
+	[LED_BDEV_MODE_WO] = {
+		.name	= "write",
+		.show	= "read [write] rw\n",
+	},
+	[LED_BDEV_MODE_RW] = {
+		.name	= "rw",
+		.show	= "read write [rw]\n",
+	},
+};
+
+/**
+ * mode_show() - ``mode`` device attribute show function.
+ * @dev:	The LED device
+ * @attr:	The ``mode`` attribute (@dev_attr_mode)
+ * @buf:	Output buffer
+ *
+ * Writes the current value of the LED's @mode to @buf.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	The number of characters written to @buf.
+ */
+static ssize_t mode_show(struct device *const dev,
+			 struct device_attribute *const attr, char *const buf)
+{
+	const struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_trigger_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, led_bdev_modes[READ_ONCE(led->mode)].show);
+}
+
+/**
+ * mode_store() - ``mode`` device attribute store function.
+ * @dev:	The LED device
+ * @attr:	The ``mode`` attribute (@dev_attr_mode)
+ * @buf:	The new value (as written to the sysfs attribute)
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf
+ *
+ * Sets the LED's @mode (``read``, ``write``, or ``rw``).
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	@count on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static ssize_t mode_store(struct device *const dev,
+			  struct device_attribute *const attr,
+			  const char *const buf, const size_t count)
+{
+	struct led_bdev_led *const led = led_trigger_get_drvdata(dev);
+	enum led_bdev_mode mode;
+
+	for (mode = LED_BDEV_MODE_RO; mode <= LED_BDEV_MODE_RW; ++mode) {
+
+		if (sysfs_streq(led_bdev_modes[mode].name, buf)) {
+			WRITE_ONCE(led->mode, mode);
+			return count;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * interval_show() - ``interval`` class attribute show function.
+ * @class:	The ``ledtrig_blkdev`` class (@led_bdev_class)
+ * @attr:	The ``interval`` attribute (@class_attr_interval)
+ * @buf:	Output buffer
+ *
+ * Writes the current value of @led_bdev_interval to @buf.
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	The number of characters written to @buf.
+ */
+static ssize_t interval_show(struct class *const class,
+			     struct class_attribute *const attr,
+			     char *const buf)
+{
+	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n",
+		       jiffies_to_msecs(READ_ONCE(led_bdev_interval)));
+}
+
+/**
+ * interval_store() - ``interval`` class attribute store function
+ * @class:	The ``ledtrig_blkdev`` class (@led_bdev_class)
+ * @attr:	The ``interval`` attribute (@class_attr_interval)
+ * @buf:	The new value (as written to the sysfs attribute)
+ * @count:	The number of characters in @buf
+ *
+ * Sets @led_bdev_interval (after converting to jiffies).
+ *
+ * Context:	Process context.
+ * Return:	@count on success, ``-errno`` on error.
+ */
+static ssize_t interval_store(struct class *const class,
+			      struct class_attribute *const attr,
+			      const char *const buf, const size_t count)
+{
+	unsigned int value;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kstrtouint(buf, 0, &value);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (value < LED_BDEV_MIN_INT)
+		return -ERANGE;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(led_bdev_interval, msecs_to_jiffies(value));
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+/* Device and class attributes */
+static DEVICE_ATTR_WO(link_device);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_WO(unlink_device);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(blink_time);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(mode);
+static CLASS_ATTR_RW(interval);
+
+/* Device attributes in LED directory (/sys/class/leds/<led>/...) */
+static struct attribute *led_bdev_attrs[] = {
+	&dev_attr_link_device.attr,
+	&dev_attr_unlink_device.attr,
+	&dev_attr_blink_time.attr,
+	&dev_attr_mode.attr,
+	NULL
+};
+
+/* Unnamed attribute group == no subdirectory */
+static const struct attribute_group led_bdev_attr_group = {
+	.attrs	= led_bdev_attrs,
+};
+
+/* Attribute groups for the trigger */
+static const struct attribute_group *led_bdev_attr_groups[] = {
+	&led_bdev_attr_group,   /* /sys/class/leds/<led>/... */
+	&led_bdev_linked_devs,  /* /sys/class/leds/<led>/linked_devices/ */
+	NULL
+};
+
+/* Trigger registration data */
+static struct led_trigger led_bdev_trigger = {
+	.name		= "blkdev",
+	.activate	= led_bdev_activate,
+	.deactivate	= led_bdev_deactivate,
+	.groups		= led_bdev_attr_groups,
+};
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_init() - Block device LED trigger initialization.
+ *
+ * Converts default @led_bdev_interval from milliseconds to jiffies, creates
+ * the ``/sys/class/ledtrig_blkdev/interval`` attribute, and registers the LED
+ * trigger.
+ *
+ * Return:	0 on success, ``-errno`` on failure.
+ */
+static int __init led_bdev_init(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(led_bdev_interval,
+		   msecs_to_jiffies(LED_BDEV_INTERVAL));
+
+	led_bdev_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "ledtrig_blkdev");
+	if (IS_ERR(led_bdev_class)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(led_bdev_class);
+		goto exit_return;
+	}
+
+	ret = class_create_file(led_bdev_class, &class_attr_interval);
+	if (ret != 0)
+		goto exit_destroy_class;
+
+	ret = led_trigger_register(&led_bdev_trigger);
+
+exit_destroy_class:
+	if (ret != 0)
+		class_destroy(led_bdev_class);  /* removes the attribute file */
+exit_return:
+	return ret;
+}
+module_init(led_bdev_init);
+
+/**
+ * led_bdev_exit() - Block device LED trigger module exit.
+ *
+ * Unregisters the LED trigger and removes the
+ * ``/sys/class/ledtrig_blkdev/interval`` attribute.
+ */
+static void __exit led_bdev_exit(void)
+{
+	led_trigger_unregister(&led_bdev_trigger);
+	class_destroy(led_bdev_class);
+}
+module_exit(led_bdev_exit);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Block device LED trigger");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Ian Pilcher <arequipeno@gmail.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");