diff --git a/tests/docker/Makefile.include b/tests/docker/Makefile.include
index 19d4cc7..5f71293 100644
--- a/tests/docker/Makefile.include
+++ b/tests/docker/Makefile.include
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ docker:
 	@echo '                         "IMAGE" is one of the listed container name."'
 	@echo '    docker-image:        Build all images.'
 	@echo '    docker-image-IMAGE:  Build image "IMAGE".'
+	@echo '    docker-run:          For manually running a "TEST" with "IMAGE"'
 	@echo
 	@echo 'Available container images:'
 	@echo '    $(DOCKER_IMAGES)'
@@ -101,31 +102,72 @@ docker:
 	@echo '    NOCACHE=1            Ignore cache when build images.'
 	@echo '    EXECUTABLE=<path>    Include executable in image.'
 
-docker-run-%: CMD = $(shell echo '$@' | sed -e 's/docker-run-\([^@]*\)@\(.*\)/\1/')
-docker-run-%: IMAGE = $(shell echo '$@' | sed -e 's/docker-run-\([^@]*\)@\(.*\)/\2/')
-docker-run-%: docker-qemu-src
+# This rule if for directly running against an arbitrary docker target.
+# It is called by the expanded docker targets (e.g. make
+# docker-test-foo@bar) which will do additional verification.
+#
+# For example: make docker-run TEST="test-quick" IMAGE="debian:arm64" EXECUTABLE=./aarch64-linux-user/qemu-aarch64
+#
+docker-run: docker-qemu-src
 	@mkdir -p "$(DOCKER_CCACHE_DIR)"
-	@if test -z "$(IMAGE)" || test -z "$(CMD)"; \
-		then echo "Invalid target"; exit 1; \
+	@if test -z "$(IMAGE)" || test -z "$(TEST)"; \
+		then echo "Invalid target $(IMAGE)/$(TEST)"; exit 1; \
+	fi
+	$(if $(EXECUTABLE),						\
+		$(call quiet-command,					\
+			$(SRC_PATH)/tests/docker/docker.py update 	\
+			$(IMAGE) $(EXECUTABLE),				\
+			"  COPYING $(EXECUTABLE) to $(IMAGE)"))
+	$(call quiet-command,						\
+		$(SRC_PATH)/tests/docker/docker.py run 			\
+			-t 						\
+			$(if $V,,--rm) 					\
+			$(if $(DEBUG),-i,--net=none) 			\
+			-e TARGET_LIST=$(TARGET_LIST) 			\
+			-e EXTRA_CONFIGURE_OPTS="$(EXTRA_CONFIGURE_OPTS)" \
+			-e V=$V -e J=$J -e DEBUG=$(DEBUG)		\
+			-e CCACHE_DIR=/var/tmp/ccache 			\
+			-v $$(readlink -e $(DOCKER_SRC_COPY)):/var/tmp/qemu:z$(COMMA)ro \
+			-v $(DOCKER_CCACHE_DIR):/var/tmp/ccache:z 	\
+			$(IMAGE) 					\
+			/var/tmp/qemu/run 				\
+			$(TEST), "  RUN $(TEST) in ${IMAGE}")
+
+#
+# Verification targets
+#
+# These targets help verify the test (CMD) and docker tag (IMAGE) are
+# part of the built in set of tests and images. You can still call the
+# docker-run target directly for testsing against arbitary images.
+#
+
+docker-verify-image-%: IMAGE = $(shell echo '$@' | sed -e 's/docker-verify-image-\([^@]*\)@\(.*\)/\2/')
+docker-verify-image-%:
+	@if test -z "$(IMAGE)";			 	\
+		then echo "Invalid image"; exit 1; 	\
 	fi
-	$(if $(filter $(TESTS),$(CMD)),$(if $(filter $(IMAGES),$(IMAGE)), \
-		$(call quiet-command,\
-			if $(SRC_PATH)/tests/docker/docker.py images | \
-				awk '$$1=="qemu" && $$2=="$(IMAGE)"{found=1} END{exit(!found)}'; then \
-				$(SRC_PATH)/tests/docker/docker.py run $(if $V,,--rm) \
-				-t \
-				$(if $(DEBUG),-i,--net=none) \
-				-e TARGET_LIST=$(TARGET_LIST) \
-				-e EXTRA_CONFIGURE_OPTS=$(EXTRA_CONFIGURE_OPTS) \
-				-e V=$V -e J=$J -e DEBUG=$(DEBUG)\
-				-e CCACHE_DIR=/var/tmp/ccache \
-				-v $$(readlink -e $(DOCKER_SRC_COPY)):/var/tmp/qemu:z$(COMMA)ro \
-				-v $(DOCKER_CCACHE_DIR):/var/tmp/ccache:z \
-				qemu:$(IMAGE) \
-				/var/tmp/qemu/run \
-				$(CMD); \
-			fi \
-			, "  RUN $(CMD) in $(IMAGE)")))
+	$(if $(filter $(IMAGE), $(DOCKER_IMAGES)), ,		\
+		echo "$(IMAGE) is not a known image"; exit 1)	\
+
+docker-verify-test-%: CMD = $(shell echo '$@' | sed -e 's/docker-verify-test-\([^@]*\)@\(.*\)/\1/')
+docker-verify-test-%:
+	@if test -z "$(CMD)"; 				\
+		then echo "Invalid test"; exit 1; 	\
+	fi
+	$(if $(filter $(CMD), $(DOCKER_TESTS)), ,	\
+		echo "$(CMD) is not a known test"; exit 1)
+
+# Run targets
+#
+# This will take a target such as docker-test-foo@bar and verify that:
+#  - the test test-foo is a known test
+#  - the image bar is a known image
+#
+# It will then call the docker-run
+docker-run-%: CMD = $(shell echo '$@' | sed -e 's/docker-run-\([^@]*\)@\(.*\)/\1/')
+docker-run-%: IMAGE = $(shell echo '$@' | sed -e 's/docker-run-\([^@]*\)@\(.*\)/\2/')
+docker-run-%: docker-verify-image-% docker-verify-test-%
+	@make docker-run TEST=$(CMD) IMAGE=qemu:$(IMAGE)
 
 docker-clean:
 	$(call quiet-command, $(SRC_PATH)/tests/docker/docker.py clean)
