--- a/include/linux/hugetlb.h~mm-hwpoison-fix-race-between-hugetlb-free-demotion-and-memory_failure_hugetlb
+++ a/include/linux/hugetlb.h
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ long hugetlb_unreserve_pages(struct inod
 						long freed);
 bool isolate_huge_page(struct page *page, struct list_head *list);
 int get_hwpoison_huge_page(struct page *page, bool *hugetlb);
+int get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags);
 void putback_active_hugepage(struct page *page);
 void move_hugetlb_state(struct page *oldpage, struct page *newpage, int reason);
 void free_huge_page(struct page *page);
@@ -377,6 +378,11 @@ static inline int get_hwpoison_huge_page
 {
 	return 0;
 }
+
+static inline int get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
 
 static inline void putback_active_hugepage(struct page *page)
 {
--- a/include/linux/mm.h~mm-hwpoison-fix-race-between-hugetlb-free-demotion-and-memory_failure_hugetlb
+++ a/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -3197,6 +3197,14 @@ extern int sysctl_memory_failure_recover
 extern void shake_page(struct page *p);
 extern atomic_long_t num_poisoned_pages __read_mostly;
 extern int soft_offline_page(unsigned long pfn, int flags);
+#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
+extern int __get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags);
+#else
+static inline int __get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
 
 #ifndef arch_memory_failure
 static inline int arch_memory_failure(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
--- a/mm/hugetlb.c~mm-hwpoison-fix-race-between-hugetlb-free-demotion-and-memory_failure_hugetlb
+++ a/mm/hugetlb.c
@@ -6785,6 +6785,16 @@ int get_hwpoison_huge_page(struct page *
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&hugetlb_lock);
+	ret = __get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(pfn, flags);
+	spin_unlock_irq(&hugetlb_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 void putback_active_hugepage(struct page *page)
 {
 	spin_lock_irq(&hugetlb_lock);
--- a/mm/memory-failure.c~mm-hwpoison-fix-race-between-hugetlb-free-demotion-and-memory_failure_hugetlb
+++ a/mm/memory-failure.c
@@ -1498,50 +1498,113 @@ static int try_to_split_thp_page(struct
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int memory_failure_hugetlb(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
+/*
+ * Called from hugetlb code with hugetlb_lock held.
+ *
+ * Return values:
+ *   0             - free hugepage
+ *   1             - in-use hugepage
+ *   2             - not a hugepage
+ *   -EBUSY        - the hugepage is busy (try to retry)
+ *   -EHWPOISON    - the hugepage is already hwpoisoned
+ */
+int __get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
+{
+	struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
+	struct page *head = compound_head(page);
+	int ret = 2;	/* fallback to normal page handling */
+	bool count_increased = false;
+
+	if (!PageHeadHuge(head))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (flags & MF_COUNT_INCREASED) {
+		ret = 1;
+		count_increased = true;
+	} else if (HPageFreed(head) || HPageMigratable(head)) {
+		ret = get_page_unless_zero(head);
+		if (ret)
+			count_increased = true;
+	} else {
+		ret = -EBUSY;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (TestSetPageHWPoison(head)) {
+		ret = -EHWPOISON;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+out:
+	if (count_increased)
+		put_page(head);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
+/*
+ * Taking refcount of hugetlb pages needs extra care about race conditions
+ * with basic operations like hugepage allocation/free/demotion.
+ * So some of prechecks for hwpoison (pinning, and testing/setting
+ * PageHWPoison) should be done in single hugetlb_lock range.
+ */
+static int try_memory_failure_hugetlb(unsigned long pfn, int flags, int *hugetlb)
 {
-	struct page *p = pfn_to_page(pfn);
-	struct page *head = compound_head(p);
 	int res;
+	struct page *p = pfn_to_page(pfn);
+	struct page *head;
 	unsigned long page_flags;
+	bool retry = true;
 
-	if (TestSetPageHWPoison(head)) {
-		pr_err("Memory failure: %#lx: already hardware poisoned\n",
-		       pfn);
-		res = -EHWPOISON;
-		if (flags & MF_ACTION_REQUIRED)
+	*hugetlb = 1;
+retry:
+	res = get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(pfn, flags);
+	if (res == 2) { /* fallback to normal page handling */
+		*hugetlb = 0;
+		return 0;
+	} else if (res == -EHWPOISON) {
+		pr_err("Memory failure: %#lx: already hardware poisoned\n", pfn);
+		if (flags & MF_ACTION_REQUIRED) {
+			head = compound_head(p);
 			res = kill_accessing_process(current, page_to_pfn(head), flags);
+		}
 		return res;
+	} else if (res == -EBUSY) {
+		if (retry) {
+			retry = false;
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		action_result(pfn, MF_MSG_UNKNOWN, MF_IGNORED);
+		return res;
+	}
+
+	head = compound_head(p);
+	lock_page(head);
+
+	if (hwpoison_filter(p)) {
+		ClearPageHWPoison(head);
+		res = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
 	num_poisoned_pages_inc();
 
-	if (!(flags & MF_COUNT_INCREASED)) {
-		res = get_hwpoison_page(p, flags);
-		if (!res) {
-			lock_page(head);
-			if (hwpoison_filter(p)) {
-				if (TestClearPageHWPoison(head))
-					num_poisoned_pages_dec();
-				unlock_page(head);
-				return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-			}
-			unlock_page(head);
-			res = MF_FAILED;
-			if (__page_handle_poison(p)) {
-				page_ref_inc(p);
-				res = MF_RECOVERED;
-			}
-			action_result(pfn, MF_MSG_FREE_HUGE, res);
-			return res == MF_RECOVERED ? 0 : -EBUSY;
-		} else if (res < 0) {
-			action_result(pfn, MF_MSG_UNKNOWN, MF_IGNORED);
-			return -EBUSY;
+	/*
+	 * Handling free hugepage.  The possible race with hugepage allocation
+	 * or demotion can be prevented by PageHWPoison flag.
+	 */
+	if (res == 0) {
+		unlock_page(head);
+		res = MF_FAILED;
+		if (__page_handle_poison(p)) {
+			page_ref_inc(p);
+			res = MF_RECOVERED;
 		}
+		action_result(pfn, MF_MSG_FREE_HUGE, res);
+		return res == MF_RECOVERED ? 0 : -EBUSY;
 	}
 
-	lock_page(head);
-
 	/*
 	 * The page could have changed compound pages due to race window.
 	 * If this happens just bail out.
@@ -1554,14 +1617,6 @@ static int memory_failure_hugetlb(unsign
 
 	page_flags = head->flags;
 
-	if (hwpoison_filter(p)) {
-		if (TestClearPageHWPoison(head))
-			num_poisoned_pages_dec();
-		put_page(p);
-		res = -EOPNOTSUPP;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	/*
 	 * TODO: hwpoison for pud-sized hugetlb doesn't work right now, so
 	 * simply disable it. In order to make it work properly, we need
@@ -1588,6 +1643,12 @@ out:
 	unlock_page(head);
 	return res;
 }
+#else
+static inline int try_memory_failure_hugetlb(unsigned long pfn, int flags, int *hugetlb)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
 
 static int memory_failure_dev_pagemap(unsigned long pfn, int flags,
 		struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
@@ -1712,6 +1773,7 @@ int memory_failure(unsigned long pfn, in
 	int res = 0;
 	unsigned long page_flags;
 	bool retry = true;
+	int hugetlb = 0;
 
 	if (!sysctl_memory_failure_recovery)
 		panic("Memory failure on page %lx", pfn);
@@ -1739,10 +1801,9 @@ int memory_failure(unsigned long pfn, in
 	}
 
 try_again:
-	if (PageHuge(p)) {
-		res = memory_failure_hugetlb(pfn, flags);
+	res = try_memory_failure_hugetlb(pfn, flags, &hugetlb);
+	if (hugetlb)
 		goto unlock_mutex;
-	}
 
 	if (TestSetPageHWPoison(p)) {
 		pr_err("Memory failure: %#lx: already hardware poisoned\n",
